Valve



.5 d .0. .l 0W E 3, v QM M v ...d Fd NPv T l rad .f H P l 3 ,TM wwf. A.. WH V1 n, 4. m w 4f 6 mm 8, w w U n 0 C A l 4l V u /o P M M, -m4a1 E 6 8 4 Q N k .w f n wu.

May 14, 1929.

Patented May 174, 1929.l

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER I. OOUSINQOF DETROIT, MIOHrGAN,nssIeNOR .To OHRYSLEROORPORA- TION, or HIGHLANDPARK, MICHIGAN, n CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

VALVE.

' Appiiation filed July 2s,

'This `inventionrelates toy a relief valve mechanism and more particularly to an oil pressure relief valve mechanism for the lubricating system of an internal combustion engine'.l

`Inthe usual lubricating system of an internal combustionengine, an Oil ypump drains the oil from the'crankcase and forces it thru passages to the bearings yor such parts to be lubricated. The pressure of the Oil in the passages and on the bearings is in proportion to thc speed of the engine and at high enginespecds the pressurcis too great for satisfactory oilieconomy. VHeretofore a relief valveihas been provided in the system such that as the oil pressure builds up to a predetermined pressure the valve vopens maintaining the pressure constant for thel higher speeds. vThis is satisfactory for certain speeds but for extreme or unusually high speeds it has Vbeen found that thc conventional constantpressure is not enough to properly lubricate the bearings.v

"It isithereforean important object of this invention to provide a double relief valve which will maintain a predetermined constant pressure at a given range of speed and a greater constant pressure at a greater speed f y' Another' object of the invcntionis to provide ai simple and inexpensive mechanism which may be'readily applied to a pressure system for relieving the pressure at different stages. i

A further object ofthe invention is t0v provide a device which will permit a sudden change in'pressure'from the lower constant `pressure to thehigher constant pressure.

Y These and other objects of .the invention will more fully appear from Ithe following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fi'g. lis a sectional View of an internal combustion engine showing an adaptationof my device.

2 is a sectional view of ythe mechanism` assembled in a portion kof the cylinder block provided with oil passages.

4Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are fragmentary views of the mechanism', showing various operating positions of the reciprocating plunger.

*Fig 6 is ay modification ofthe invention ,shown insection. Y I

Referring to the drawings, wherein l have 1927. serial No, 209,035.

tion, an enginev 10,'having a cylinderblock 12 and an oil pan 14 is provided with an Oilk pump 16 driven thru a shaft 18 by the cam shaft'20. Passages 22 have been shown in the cylinder block 12 thru which a lubricating oil is delivered to the bearings of a crankshaft 24 or other parts to belubricated. n connection26 leading from the pump 16 1s in communication ywith the passages 22; The oilpump draws the oil from the oil pan andvforces it thru the connection 26 and passages 22 to the bearings or such parts as are to be lubricated. l i

An opening 28'is formed in the side of thecylinder block 12' adapted to receive the valve mechanism A.` A passage 30 forms acommunication between the openings'28,

which yis in communication with the passages 22, and theoil pan. Thru this passage excess. oil is conducted back to the oil: pan

when the valve mechanismhas relieved the pressure.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, a body y portion 32 is screw-threaded' into the opening 28 and 1s provided with a central bore 34. The outer end ofthe bore 34 is pro- Y.

vided with screwthreads to receive a plug 36 and the inner end. vis vprovided with a .smaller opening 38 andv a tapered seat 40.

Mounted forfreciprocation within the bore 84 is a plunger. 42 which hasv a sliding' lit therein and a compression spring 44, betweenthe Vplunger 42 and plugBG, urges the inner end V'of the plunger 42 against fthe tapered seat 40; the innerend of the'plunger being correspondingly"tapered to ii't the inafter more fully described, loil may passl a space 5 2 which is sealed at the one end by the inner end 'of the body portion tightly fitting the periphery of the bore 28 andai# the other end by a tapered portion 54 on the body portion 32. v Y

The plug 36 may be adjusted to give the desired compression onthe spring lll and when positioned it is securely held by a wire 5G or pin extending thru .openings in the body portion and a slot in the plug. A cap such as shown at 58 may be screwthreaded on the body portion 32 to iorm a covering for the unit.

lt will be understood that the entire mechanism is a sell-contained unit which vis readily applied to the engine and that each part ot the unit may be easily removed or replaced.

In the operation ot the device, attention is directed to Figs. 3, l and 5 which show the ditl'erent .positions ot the plunger while the pressures are changing; Fig. 2 being illustrative of the device when` no pressure is applied to the lubricating system. When the pressure in the lubricating system begins to build up as the engine speed increases the plunger 42 and head portion are moved ormvardlycompressing the spring 44e until the openings areV slightly opened, as shown in llig. 3. '.lhis position permits an escape ot some of the oil relieving the pressure. As the pressure builds up the openings 50 are openedmore by moving the plunger tui-ther outwardly thus proportionately relieving the pressure 'from the supplying and maintaining a constant pressure in the system. The pressure is maintained constant tor the usual speed range but the pressure continues to build up the head portion 48 approaches the opening 38 restricting the flow oit oil therethru and the oil then not only applies pressure to the exposed area ot the plunger but also on the area o'l' the head portion because the oil can no longer 'Freely pass by it thru the opening 38. This position is illustrated in Fig. 4 but it is to be understood that the plunger does not remain in this position but immediately assumes the Vposition shown in Fig. which positionpermits the oil to freely flow thru -the opening 3S and out the openings 50 and passage 3() tothe oilpan thus relieving the system at a higher predetermined pressure. This pressure remains constant due to the spring urging the head Vportion 48 toward the openingtl tending to restrict its passage depending on the supply pressure. y

rllhe head portion L8 has been shown adinstable. The projection 46 is screwthreaded as at i517 to receive the head portion 48 and ducing the pressure in the passagev 22.

rlh-eretore the head portion 48 has been made et a metal having a high coetlicient-ot expansion to permit varying the size ot the passage thru the opening 3,8. As the head` portion is heated by the lubricant it expands restricting the passage in proportion tothe temperature otl the lubricant thus maintaining a constant pressure for hot and cold lubricants. It will be understood that any metal such as aluminum, brass, copper, zinc or tin having a-higher coeiicient of expansion than the metal forming the periphery el the opening may be used.

As an illustration ot a modification of my device', I have shown in Fig. 6 a plunger mounted for reciprocation within the bore 34 ot the body portion 32. Two springs G2 and (il: are compressed between the plunger and a plug G6. A disc 68 is carried between the two springs. stronger than the spring 64 so that the spring G- may be compressed for maintaining the lower constant pressure. A projection or stop 70 is carried by the plug 66 adapted to engage the disc 68 when the spring 64 is compressed bringing into action the comy pression oit the spring G2. The Vinner end et the plunger 60 is provided with a. tubular projection 72 having openings Min its wall thru which oil may pass when the plunger GO has assumed a position shown dotted.- In this position the openings 74- and 50 are uncovered in. proportion to the pressure on the plunger relieving it and maintaining a constant low pressure until the spring 62 comes into operation, then the pressure is built up to a predetermined point and maintained constantly at that point by the tubular projection 72 opening proportionately the opening 38; it being entirely withdrawn from the opening 38 permitting oil to pass theref thru dependent on the size of the opening determined bythe pressure from the supply line.

VThe drawings and description yhave been conined to a device intended for use in connection with the lubricating system of an internal combustion engine, but it is to be understood that such a device: is applicable to `other systems wherein a constantv low pressure is desired for a given range of varying pressure and a higher constant pressure ttor a supply pressure above that range. Various changes may be made in the size, shape and arrangement of Vparts without depart,- ing from the spirit of my invention and it is not my intention to limit its scope other than by the terms of the appended claims.

What l claim is:

The one spring 621s l. A device of the class describedcomprising, a body portion adapted to be received in a passage of a lubricating system, a plunger reciprocally mounted in said body portion adapted for opening and closing a pair of 'apertures thru said body por' tion bythe pressure in said system, resilient means i'or normally holding said plunger m a position for closing said openings, and

means on said plunger for partially closing one of said openings whereby a greater pressure is applied to said plunger and system.

2. A device of the class described comprising, a body portion having a cylindrical bore and yan opening at its inner end Vextending thru said Vbody portion, a lplunger reciprocally mounted in said bore adapted for opening and closing radial openings thru said body portion, resilient means for normally holding said plunger in a position for closfor closing said openings, and a restriction adapted to move into the opening at the end of said body portion by a traverse of the plunger, and adapted to be removed therefrom when the openings in the Wall are opened by a further traverse of the plunger.

4. A valve of the class described comprising, a body portion having a central bore and inlet and outlet openings communicating With said bore, means forV normally closing said openings, land means for restricting the inlet opening when the closing means has been opened and for further opening said inlet opening upon further opening of said closing means.

5. A valve of the class described comprising, a body portion having a central bore provided with an inlet and an outlet opening, means -lor opening and closing said outlet opening, and a member for restricting said inlet opening when said outlet opening is partially closed and for xfaryingly opening said inlet opening when said outlet opening is open.

6. A valve of the class described comprising, a body portion having a central bore provided with inlet and outlet openings, means for controlling `the amount of flow thru said openings to maintain a constant pressure for a given range, and means for controlling a higher constant pressure beyond the given range. Y

7 Avalve of the class described comprising, a body portion having -a central bore provided with inlet and. outlet openings, a

plunger Within said bore for opening orv closing said openings, resilient means rfor normally holding said plunger in closed position, means for adjusting the tension on said resilient means, and means for varyingly restricting said inlet opening.

8. A valve of the class described comprising, a body portion having a central bore provided With an inlet and an outlet opening, means -for varying the opening and closing of said outlet opening acting Within certain limits and for varying said inlet opening beyond that limit.

9. A valve of the class described comprising, a body portion having a central bore provided with inlet and outlet. openings, a plunger Within said bore for opening and closing said outlet opening, resilient means for normally holding said plunger vin closed position, a head portion carried Lby said plunger for restricting the inletopening When the outlet opening has been partially opened, and means for adjustingthe position y of said head portion. l WALTER P. COUSINO. 

